Heart valve surgery is a major surgical procedure used to treat valvular heart disease in which one or more of the four valves present in the human heart stop working properly. When any of these components fails to function properly, blood circulation and the network of blood vessels that provide oxygen throughout the body become disrupted. Therefore, it is advised to consult a cardiac and thoracic surgeon as soon as the initial signs and symptoms of heart valve disease appear.
Since heart valve surgery is a serious operation with a recovery period lasting several weeks, it is important to be well informed about the entire procedure before undergoing it. Here's an overview of what heart valve surgery is, including the procedure, recovery, and potential complications.
The primary goal of heart valve surgery is to treat heart valve disease. There are four valves in the human heart, namely: the mitral valve, the tricuspid valve, the pulmonary valve, and the aortic valve. Each valve ensures that blood flows through the heart in one direction with the help of flaps (leaflets) and opens and closes during each heartbeat. When any of these valves stop working as intended, the condition is known as heart valve disease or valvular heart disease.Â
In most cases, patients suffer from any one of these heart valve disorders:
Stenosis: This is a condition in which the heart valve does not open properly due to narrowing of the valve.
Regurgitation: This occurs when the valve is unable to close completely, causing blood to flow backward instead of forward to the rest of the body.
Some common signs and symptoms of heart valve diseases are:
weakness and dizziness
chest discomfort
rapid weight gain
breathing problems
swelling of the ankles, feet, or abdomen
irregular heartbeat
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Valve problems may be present at birth or may develop over time. In congenital valve disorders, the heart valves may be too small or too large, have malformed leaflets, or be improperly fused to the annulus. In acquired valve disease, problems can develop due to heart valve infection, rheumatic fever, endocarditis or degenerative diseases. Other reasons for developing heart valve disease are:
coronary artery disease
cardiomyopathy
high blood pressure
aortic aneurysm
diseases of connective tissues
tumor
excessive exposure to radiation
In heart valve surgery, a heart surgeon repairs or replaces a damaged or diseased heart valve. The process varies from person to person depending on several factors, such as their age, health, and the type and severity of the disease.
Traditional heart valve surgery begins with the patient receiving general anesthesia. Next, an intravenous (IV) line is placed in their arm with additional catheters in their neck and wrist to monitor their heart and blood pressure. During the procedure, the doctor closely monitors the patient's heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, and blood oxygen level. After cleaning the surgical site, the surgeon makes an incision down the center of the chest to split the breastbone in half to expose the heart.
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Before complex surgery is performed, tubes are inserted into the heart so that blood can be pumped throughout the body using a bypass machine. Once the blood is completely diverted into the machine, a cold working solution is injected into the heart. The surgeon then replaces the diseased valve with an artificial one, as in the case of a valve replacement. In valve repair, the procedure performed depends on the specific valve problem.Â
After the surgery is complete, the tubes are removed, and the circulating blood is allowed to return to the heart through the bypass machine. Once the heart starts beating again, the cardiac surgeon monitors its valves to assess its functioning. Surgery usually lasts two hours, but may take longer depending on the number of heart valves that need to be replaced or repaired.Â
In addition to traditional open-heart surgery, minimally invasive heart surgery may also be employed, in which the incisions made are comparatively smaller, the hospital stay is probably shorter, and the recovery is quicker.
Recovery after heart valve surgery begins in the hospital and may take several weeks. After surgery, the patient is kept under close observation in the intensive care unit (ICU) for several days. If the patient is uncomfortable or in excruciating pain, some pain relievers may be given. They may be on an IV drip to manage blood pressure and control bleeding issues. As the condition stabilizes, they will be allowed to get out of bed and move around for longer periods of time. Therefore, patients may be unable to handle solid foods for some time, and hence, their diet is monitored as well.Â
Once discharged from the hospital, patients need to continue to follow their heart and thoracic surgeons' instructions regarding daily activities and diet. They should notify a doctor immediately if they experience fever, chills, redness, bleeding, swelling, extreme pain, or drainage around the incision site. Regular check-ups with doctors are essential to establish whether the recovery is progressing in the right direction.Â
Additionally, patients will also need to make some lifestyle changes to keep their heart working properly. Some of these lifestyle changes include:Â
eating a balanced diet
exercising regularly
manage stress
avoid tobacco
Although heart valve surgery is safe, there may be some potential risks associated with the surgery, such as:Â
bleeding during or after treatment
damage to blood vessels
blood clots that can cause a heart attack, lung problems, or stroke
Best Doctors/Specialists for Heart Valve Treatment in Jaipur? Whether an athlete or an average person, the heart’s health is vital for all because it is a crucial body organ. Unfortunately, cardiac problems, leading to heart failure, are on the rise nowadays due to a number of reasons. There are different signs of cardiac issues that must be taken seriously, and a timely diagnosis can help with that. Dr Manoj Godara is one the leading cardiologists in Jaipur, can help make your lives safer with the best Heart Valve treatment in Jaipur. We have the latest technology that allows us to diagnose accurately and devise effective treatment plans.Â
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Dr. Manoj Godara, the best Heart Valve doctor in Jaipur, is known for performing successful and result-oriented treatments at his Heart Valve treatment clinic in Jaipur. Heart Valve Treatments in Jaipur at his clinic include Chest Pain, Heart Attack, Heart Valve,Heart Valve , Heart Failure, Heart Arrhythmia, Heart Blood Clot, High Cholesterol, Uncontrolled Blood Pressure, Angioplasty Stenting, Pacemaker, Device Closure and Embolization Treatment and suggesting various treatment options which are suitable for you.
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